SPECTRA HEALTH: Journal of Health and Medical Sciences is committed to maintaining the highest standards of publication ethics and academic integrity. The journal follows internationally recognized publication ethics principles, including the guidelines and recommendations of the Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE).

These ethical standards apply to all parties involved in the publication process, including Authors, Editors, and Peer Reviewers. All parties are expected to uphold integrity, transparency, fairness, confidentiality, and accountability throughout the publication process.

Duties and Responsibilities of Authors

1. Originality and Plagiarism

Authors must ensure that submitted manuscripts are original works and have not been plagiarized from any source. Plagiarism in all forms, including self-plagiarism and inappropriate reuse of previously published material, is considered unethical publishing behavior and will not be tolerated.

2. Multiple or Concurrent Publication

Authors must not submit the same manuscript to more than one journal simultaneously. Manuscripts submitted to SPECTRA HEALTH must not be under consideration for publication elsewhere.

3. Data Accuracy and Research Integrity

Authors must ensure that all data, results, and information presented in the manuscript are accurate and reliable. Fabrication, falsification, manipulation, or misrepresentation of research data is strictly prohibited.

4. Disclosure of Conflicts of Interest

Authors must disclose any financial, personal, professional, or other substantive conflicts of interest that could reasonably be perceived as influencing the research, analysis, interpretation, or presentation of the manuscript.

5. Authorship and Contribution

All individuals listed as authors must have made substantial contributions to the research and manuscript. Authors are responsible for ensuring that the authorship list accurately reflects the contributions of each author and that all listed authors have approved the final version of the manuscript.

Duties and Responsibilities of Editors

1. Fair and Unbiased Evaluation

Editors must evaluate submitted manuscripts fairly and objectively based on their academic and scientific merit, relevance, originality, clarity, and quality, without discrimination based on race, gender, religious belief, ethnic origin, nationality, political philosophy, or other personal characteristics of the authors.

2. Confidentiality

Editors and editorial staff must maintain the confidentiality of all submitted manuscripts and must not disclose information about a manuscript to anyone other than the corresponding author, authorized reviewers, editorial board members, or other individuals involved in the editorial process.

3. Publication Decisions

The Editor-in-Chief has overall responsibility for making publication decisions. Decisions should be based on the scientific quality, originality, relevance, ethical standards, and reviewer recommendations, in accordance with the journal's editorial policies.

4. Conflict of Interest

Editors must not use unpublished information from submitted manuscripts for their own research or personal advantage. Editors who have a conflict of interest regarding a submitted manuscript should withdraw from the editorial decision-making process.

Duties and Responsibilities of Peer Reviewers

1. Objectivity

Peer reviewers must conduct their evaluations objectively and constructively. Personal criticism of authors is inappropriate. Reviewers should provide clear, professional, and evidence-based comments to assist authors in improving their manuscripts.

2. Competence and Promptness

Reviewers should only accept assignments for manuscripts that fall within their area of expertise. Reviewers who feel unqualified to evaluate a manuscript or are unable to complete the review within the required timeframe should promptly notify the Editor.

3. Confidentiality

Manuscripts received for review must be treated as confidential documents. Reviewers must not share, copy, distribute, or use any information from the manuscript for personal or professional purposes without permission from the Editor.

4. Conflict of Interest

Reviewers must disclose any potential conflict of interest that could affect their objectivity. Reviewers should decline the assignment if they have a personal, professional, financial, or other relationship with the authors or research that could compromise the impartiality of their review.

Ethical Compliance

SPECTRA HEALTH reserves the right to investigate suspected cases of plagiarism, research misconduct, data fabrication or falsification, duplicate publication, authorship disputes, and other forms of unethical publishing behavior. Appropriate action will be taken in accordance with established publication ethics principles and applicable journal policies.

By submitting a manuscript to SPECTRA HEALTH, authors acknowledge their responsibility to comply with the journal's publication ethics and academic integrity requirements.